As the holy month of Ramadan approaches in 2026, millions of Muslims across the globe are preparing for a period of fasting, reflection, and spiritual growth. Expected to begin around February 18 or 19, depending on the sighting of the crescent moon, Ramadan brings with it unique variations in fasting hours across different regions of the world.
From shorter fasting durations in the Northern Hemisphere to longer daylight hours in southern countries, the experience of Ramadan differs significantly based on geography. Here’s a complete and simplified guide to fasting hours, suhoor and iftar timings, and why Ramadan shifts every year.
Ramadan 2026 Start Date & Moon Sighting Explained
The beginning of Ramadan depends on the sighting of the crescent moon, marking the start of the Islamic lunar month. Unlike the Gregorian calendar, the Islamic calendar follows lunar cycles, making Ramadan begin approximately 10 to 12 days earlier each year.
This means that in 2026, Ramadan falls during the winter season in the Northern Hemisphere, resulting in shorter fasting hours for countries like India, the UK, and parts of Europe.
Fasting Hours in Ramadan 2026: Global Overview
Fasting Duration Varies by Location
Fasting during Ramadan involves abstaining from food, drink, and other physical needs from dawn (suhoor) until sunset (iftar). In 2026, fasting hours worldwide are expected to range between:
- 11.5 hours to 15.5 hours globally
- Around 12–13 hours in Northern Hemisphere regions at the start
- Up to 14–15 hours in Southern Hemisphere countries
As the month progresses, fasting hours gradually increase in northern regions and decrease in southern regions.
Why Fasting Hours Differ Across Countries
The variation in fasting hours is mainly due to differences in daylight duration across the globe.
Countries closer to the equator experience minimal variation
Northern Hemisphere countries see shorter fasts in winter
Southern Hemisphere countries experience longer daylight hours, leading to longer fasts
For example:
Cities like Christchurch in New Zealand may experience over 15 hours of fasting
Meanwhile, countries in Europe or North India may observe around 12–13 hours
Significance of Ramadan in Islam
Muslims believe Ramadan is the month when the first verses of the Quran were revealed to Prophet Muhammad over 1,400 years ago.
Fasting during this sacred period is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and is observed to develop “taqwa” (spiritual awareness and self-discipline).
During daylight hours, Muslims refrain from:
- Eating and drinking
- Smoking
- Engaging in negative behaviors
The fast is broken at sunset with iftar, often starting with dates and water, followed by a meal shared with family and community.
Ramadan 2026’s Longest and Shortest Fasting Hours
Longest Fasts (Southern Hemisphere)
Countries like:
- New Zealand
- Chile
- South Africa
These regions will see fasting durations of approximately 14 to 15 hours at the beginning of Ramadan. However, fasting hours will gradually decrease as the month progresses.
Shortest Fasts (Northern Hemisphere)
Countries such as:
- India
- United Kingdom
- Turkey
Here, fasting hours will begin at around 12–13 hours, making it relatively easier compared to summer Ramadans.
Suhoor and Iftar Timings: What to Expect
What is Suhoor?
The pre-dawn meal eaten prior to the start of the fast is called suhoor. Usually, it happens early in the morning, right before the sun rises.
What is Iftar?
The meal consumed to break the fast at sundown is known as iftar. Dates and water are frequently served first, then a larger meal.
Example Global Timings (First Day Estimates)
- Christchurch: Suhoor ~5:10 AM | Iftar ~8:32 PM
- Johannesburg: Suhoor ~4:35 AM | Iftar ~6:48 PM
- Buenos Aires: Suhoor ~5:02 AM | Iftar ~7:44 PM
These timings vary daily and depend on local sunrise and sunset.
Why Ramadan Dates Change Every Year
Ramadan shifts earlier each year because the Islamic lunar calendar is about 11 days shorter than the solar calendar.
This results in:
- Ramadan occurring in different seasons over time
- Changing fasting durations every year
Interestingly, due to this cycle: Ramadan will occur twice in 2030 once in January and again in late December.
Ramadan 2026: Impact on Daily Life
Ramadan influences daily routines across Muslim-majority and minority countries alike:
- Work hours may be adjusted
- Night prayers (Taraweeh) become common
- Social gatherings increase during iftar
- Markets and food businesses see higher evening activity
In countries like India, Ramadan also brings a vibrant cultural atmosphere, especially in cities like Delhi, Hyderabad, and Mumbai.
Ramadan Greetings Around the World
Ramadan is also a time of community and goodwill. People exchange greetings such as:
- “Ramadan Mubarak” (Blessed Ramadan)
- “Ramadan Kareem” (Generous Ramadan)
These greetings reflect the spirit of kindness, generosity, and unity that defines the holy month.
A Month of Unity, Discipline, and Faith
Ramadan 2026 offers a unique experience shaped by geography, climate, and culture. Whether fasting for 12 hours or 15, the essence remains the same self-discipline, gratitude, and spiritual reflection.
As millions prepare to observe this sacred month, understanding global fasting variations helps highlight the diversity and unity within the Muslim community worldwide.
